Medical Archive

P1 The Field of Pediatrics

C1 Overview of Pediatrics

C2 Child Health Disparities

C3 Global Child Health

C4 Quality and Value in Healthcare for Children

C5 Safety in Healthcare for Children

C6 Ethics in Pediatric Care

C7 Pediatric Palliative Care

C8 Domestic and International Adoption

C9 Foster and Kinship Care

C10 Medical Evaluation of the Foreign-Born Child

C11 Cultural Issues in Pediatric Care

C12 Maximizing Children’s Health Screening, Anticipatory Guidance, and Counseling

C13 Injury Control

FIG. 13.1 Global injury deaths to children, adolescents, and young adults, 0-29 yr of age, 2012.
FIG. 13.2 Chart showing 3rd leading cause of death (homicide) among persons age 10-24 yr compared with 4th through 10th leading causes of death in the same age-group in the United States in 2013. *Does not include the 2 leading causes of death among persons age 10-24 yr in 2013: unintentional injuries (12,394 deaths) and suicide (5,264); � congenital anomalies; � cerebrovascular diseases.

Scope of the problem

Mortality

Nonfatal injuries

Global child injuries

Principles of injury control

Water

Never leave child unattended around water
Fence all 4 sides of pool & install self-locking, self-latching gate
Use life jackets
Teach child to swim

Fire

Install smoke detectors on every level of home
Test smoke detectors & change batteries regularly.

Gun

If present, store gun unloaded and locked
Store ammunition separately from guns

Home

Lock medications & toxic household products out of reach
Remove dangling cords & cover power outlets
Install safety gates on stairs
Set water heater to maximum temperature of 49? (120?)
Mount furniture & TV to wall
Avoid choking hazards
- Eg, whole grapes, raw vegetables, small objects
- Until age 4

Risk factors for childhood injuries

Age

Gender

Race and ethnicity

Socioeconomic status

Rural-urban location

Environment

Mechanisms of injury

Motorvehicle injuries

FIG. 13.5 Car safety seats. A, Rear-facing infant seat. B, Forward-facing child harness seat. C, Forward-facing convertible harness seat. D, Low-back booster seat. E, Highback booster seat.